സെന്റ് പോൾസ് എച്ച്.എസ്. വലിയകുമാരമംഗലം/അക്ഷരവൃക്ഷം/ IMMUNITY

IMMUNITY Immunology is a broad branch of biomedical science that covers the study of all aspects of the immune system in all organisms The term 'immunity' refers to the resistance exhibited by an individual towards injury caused by micro organisms and their product. The immune system is the bodys defence against infections, organisms and other invaders cells and molecules involved in such protection constitute the 'immune system'. The response to the introduction of a foreign agent is known as the immune response. A landmark in the history of immunology was immunization against smallpox developed by Edward Gennes in 1798. He used cowpox virus for immunization against smallpox. The next great discovery in immunity was made by Louis Pasteur. His most famous immunization was against rabies (1885). He coined the term 'vaccination' for immunization procedure. Louis Pasteue is called the father of immunology. Types of immunity 1, Innate immunity a, specific b, nonspecific 2, acquired immunity a, active immunity b, passive immunity Innate immunity/native immunity is the resistance to infections which an individual possesses by virtue of his genetic and constitutional makeup. Every individual is born with innate immunity. It is genetically based and passed on to offspring. It is also known as natural immunity or natural resistance. Innate immunity maybe known-specefic. It indicates degree of resistance to infections in general or specific-where resistance to a particular pathogen is concerned. Acquired immunity is the immunity a person develops during his lifetime. It is of 2 types- Actve and passive immunity 1, Active immunity is the resistance developed by an individual as a result of an antigenic stimulus. It involves the active functioning of the person's immune apparatus leading to the synthesis of antibodies as production of immunologically active cells. The production of antibodies against antigen is called immune response they are also 2 types. Natural- by attack of pathogen Artificial-by active immunization 2, Natural active immunity results from an individual being infected by a pathogenEg: A person who has recovered from an attack of chickenpox develops natural immunity. 3, Artificial active immunity is the resistance indicate by vaccines. Vaccines are preparations of live or killed microorganisms of their products used for immunization 4, passive immunity-The resistance that is transmitted to an individual in readymade form is known as passive immunity. Main advantage is immedcate in action and can be employed when instant immunity is needed. 5, Natural passive immunity-The resistance passively transformed from mother to the baby. In humans, natural antibodies are transmitted through the placenta and through colostrum.6, Artificial passive immunity is the resistance passively transferred to recipient by administration of antibodies Covid-19 Nowadays Indis and all the countries facing Covid-19 we are in lockdown also. Coronovirus disease (Covid-19) is an infections disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. People may be sick with the virus for 1 to 14 days before developing systems. The most common symptoms are .fever,tiredness and dry cough. Rarely the disease can be serious and even total. Older people and people with other medical conditions (such as asthma, diabetes etc.), maybe more vulnerable to become severely ill. Human to human transmission of Corona virus is primarily thought to occur among close condacts via, respiratory droplets generated by sneezing and coughing. There is no specific medicines to prevent or treat covid-19. U can protect your self and help prevent spreading the virus to others; Do wash your hands regularly for 20 seconds with soap and sanitizer. - cover your nose and mouth with a disposable tissue - avoid close contact (1 meter or 3 feet) with people who are unwell - Stay home and self isolate from others in the household if you feel unwell - don't touch your eyes, nose or mouth if your hands are not clear We can understand that the Covid-19 virus is highly contusions by observing the spreading rates till now. We must understand the virus and take the required preventive measures against at. Our carelessness might lead to the deaths of our loved ones or our own can country men. We must unity against the virus by practicing "social distancing" for a betrer tomorrow. Ardra Ramesh 10 C സെന്റ് പോൾസ്‌ എച്ച് എസ് എസ് വലിയകുമാരമംഗലം ഈരാറ്റുപേട്ട ഉപജില്ല കോട്ടയം അക്ഷരവൃക്ഷം പദ്ധതി, 2020 ലേഖനം