എം.വി. എച്ച്.എസ്. എസ്.തുണ്ടത്തിൽ/അക്ഷരവൃക്ഷം/ ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
The environment compasses not only the natural surroundings - the air, the water the plants and animals used for food - but also shelter ,modes of transportation and all other products technology, including pollutants and waste materials ;all of which interact to affect health. Environmental considerations become increasingly important during these times of changing emphasis in the fields of energy, economics and technology. Environmental hygiene can be looked at from two aspects, viz. Hygiene at household level and Hygiene at the community level. Hygiene at household level Good -quality housing is a key element for ensuring a healthy community. Poor housing can ensure lead to many health problems, and is associated with Infectious, diseases(such as tuberculosis), stress and depression. Everyone should therefore have access to good-quality housing and a pleasant home environment that makes them happy and content. Specific aspects of housing quality include ventilation, lighting, general cleanliness of homes, overcrowding in homes,etc. Hygiene at the community level According to the World Health Organizations(WHO), good health is not merely the absence of disease;it is also a reflection of the social and mental well-being of people in a community. One personal benefit of good hygiene is having better health. Keeping your body clean helps prevent illness and infection from bacteria or viruses. Like in our example, the simple act of washing your hands regularly is an effective way to keep germs from spreading. Thorough environmental hygiene is important for the prevention of transmission of Infectious diseases within health care settings. First one is the safe handling of sharps, the person using the sharp is responsible for its safe disposal. Disposal of the sharps immediately following it's use and at the point of care Environmental factors influencing the spread of communicable diseases A number of environmental factors influence the spread of communicable diseases that are prone to cause epidemics.The most important of these are: water supply sanitation facilities food climate A lack of safe water,inadequate excreta disposal facilities, poor hygiene, poor living conditions and unsafe food can all cause diarrhoeal diseases. These diseases are a major cause of suffering and death in an emergency situation. Climate can affect disease transmission in a variety of ways. The distribution and population size of disease vector can be heavily affected by local climate. Flooding after heavy rain can result in sewage overflow and widespread water contamination. In addition, there is some evidence to suggest that pathogens can be spread from one region to another along air streams or by wind.
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