ഫോർട്ട് ഗേൾസ് മിഷൻ എച്ച്. എസ്. ഫോർട്ട്/അക്ഷരവൃക്ഷം/GLOBAL WARMING
GLOBAL WARMING
The continuous rise in temperature of the Planet is really upsetting. The root cause for this is global warming. Global warming begins When sunlight reaches the Earth. The clouds, atmospheric particles, reflective ground surfaces and surface of oceans then sends back about 30 % of sunlight back into the space , whilst the remaining is absorbed by oceans, air and land . This consequently heats up the surface of the planet and atmosphere, making life feasible. As the Earth warms up, this solar Energy is radiated by thermal radiation and Infrared rays, propagating directly out to space thereby cooling the Earth. However, some of the outgoing radiation is re-absorbed by carbon dioxide, water vapours, ozone, methane and other gases in the atmosphere And is radiated back to the surface of Earth. These gases are commonly known as greenhouse gases due to their heat-trapping capacity.It must be noted that this re-absorption process is actually good as the Earth's average surface temperature would be very cold if there was no existence of green house gases. As of 2004, over 8 billion tons of carbon dioxide was pumped thermal radiation Is further hindered by increased levels if greenhouse gases resulting in a phenomenon known as human enhanced global warming effect. Recent observations regarding global warming have substantiated the theory that it is indeed a human enhanced greenhouse effect that is causing the planet to heat up. 1.GREENHOUSE EFFECT While other planets in the solar system of the Earth are either roasting hot or bitterly cold, Earth's surface has relatively mild, steady temperatures because of its atmosphere Which is the thin layer of gases that cover and protect the planet. The main reason for resulting global warming is Greenhouse effect.2.GREENHOUSE GASES The greenhouse effect, combined with increasing levels of greenhouse gases and the resulting global warming, is expected to have philosophical implications. If global warming continues unrestrained and nothing effective is done to limit this evil, it will cause significant climate change, a rise in sea levels, extreme weather events and other ruthless natural, enivornmental and social impacts. There are many greenhouse gases which are mainly emitted by human activity. The first and foremost in the list is carbon dioxide. Excessive burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil is the major factor for producing this gas. Moreover, Deforestation i.e. removal of trees for acquiring lands also causes large amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.Cement manufacturer also contributes carbon dioxide to atmosphere when calcium carbonate is heated generating lime and carbon dioxide. The second culprit gas is methane, commonly Known as natural gases. It is produced as the result of agricultural activities such as livestock digestion, paddy rice farming and use of manure. Methane is also produced due to improper management of waste. Nitrates oxides are generated mainly by fertilizers. 3. CAUSES OF GLOBAL WARMING The major cause of global warming is the greenhouse gases. They include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxides and in some cases chlorine and bromine containing compounds. The build-up of these gases in the atmosphere changes the radiative equilibrium in the atmosphere. Their overall effect is to warm the Earth's surface and the lower atmosphere because greenhouse gases absorb some of the outgoing radiation of Earth and re-radiate it back towards the surface.Even more important was abrupt international action to curb the emissions of CFCs. The second major cause of global warming is the depletion of ozone layer. This happens mainly due to the presence of chlorine containing source gases. When the ultraviolent light is present, these gases dissociate releasing chlorine atoms which then catalyse ozone destruction. 4. GLOBAL WARMING: THE EFFECTS Global warming produces many negative effects some of which are described here. Firstly, extra water vapour which is present in the atmosphere falls again as rain which leads to flood in various regions of the world. When the weather turn warmer , evaporation process for both land and sea rises. This leads to drought in the regions where increased precipitation. In some areas of the world, this will result in crop failure and famine particularly in areas where the temperatures are already high. The extra water vapour content in the atmosphere will fall again as extra rain hence causing floods. According to intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC), about one-sixth of the total population of the world lives in the regions which shall be affected by a decrease in melting water.The rise in temperature is causing the ice and glaciers to melt rapidly. This will lead to rise to water levels in oceans, rivers and lakes that can pilot devastation in the forms of floods. 5. EFEECTS ON LIVING BEINGS Global warming can severly affect the health of living beings. Excess heat can cause stress which may lead to blood pressure and heart diseases. Crop failures and famines, which are a direct consequence of heating up of earth, can causes a decline in human boby resistance to viruses and infections. CONCLUSION
The scientific and enivormental community is on the same page regarding the bitter reality of global warming and the involvement of human factor in it. The paper discussed here has only dented the surface of what is a very intricate line of scienfic and engineering exploration. Global warming is a big hazard and appropriate measures must be taken to tackle this serious problem. This problem is not only causing trouble to the human beings but also to animals and plants. Melting of polar ice caps will be leads to floods which can cause mayhem everywhere. Rise of sea levels will devastate agricultural and fishing activities. To empark upon these problems, some remedial steps must be timely taken which include but are not limited to use if renewable sources of energy and stopping deforestation. Innovative solutions must be brought forward to end this hazard once and forever.
GOWRI S C 9a
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