സി.സി.പി.എൽ.എം.എ.ഐ.എച്ച്.എസ്. പെരുമാനൂർ/അക്ഷരവൃക്ഷം/IMMUNITY TO DISEASES

IMMUNITY TO DISEASES Ability to fight against diseases is a must in this generation. As we all know, the recent 'COVID-19'. Individuals in certain pre-existing illness and respiratory issues are at a higher risk of having covid complication, it also aggravates with age as the general immunity reduces as you grow older. Our surroundings are full of microorganisms. Most of them are pathogens too. Though we live in the midst of germs, are we susceptible to diseases? What may be the reason? Immunity in our body. The immune system prevents pathogens from entering our body. We all know.What is Immunity?In biology, Immunity is the balanced state of multicellular organisms having adequate biological defenses to fight infection, disease, or other unwanted biological invasion, while having adequate tolerance to avoid allergy and autoimmune diseases. In simple words it is the natural ability of our body to prevent germs from entering the body and also to destroy those that have entered it.According to the Pathology Illustrated (7th edition) 2011,Immunity - The state of protection from infectious diseases - has both a less specific or INNATE and a more specific or ADAPTIVE component. ⭐ Innate ImmunityThis provides first line of defense against infection. It is a rapid response (minutes); it is not specific to aparticulate pathogen.Ithasnomemoryanddoesnotconferlonglastingimmunitytothehost.Ithas4maincomponents⚜️NaturalBarriers.eg.skin,mucousmembranes⚜️CellularDefenses.egneutrophils,macrophages,naturalkillercells,NKTcells,mastcells.⚜️SolubleMediators.eg.kinins,cytokines,complement,interferon.⚜️PatternRecognition Mollecules.eg. toll-like receptors, TLR 4 recognises LPS or gram negative bacterias.⭐ Adaptive ImmunityThis provides specific immune response directed at an invading pathogen. Following exposure to a invading foreign organism there is an initial EFFECTOR RESPONSE that eliminates or neutralize a pathogen. Later re-exposure to the same foreign organism induces a MEMORY RESPONSE with a more rapid immune reaction that eliminates the pathogen and prevents diseases, but this response is only found in vertebrates. As long as the immune system is running smoothly, you don't notice that it's there. But if it stops working properly - because it's weak or can't fight particularly aggressive germs - you get ill. Germs that your body has never encountered before are also likely to make you ill. Some germs will only make you ill the first time you come into contact with them. These include childhood diseases like chickenpox. Without an immune system we would have no way to fight harmful things that enter our body from the outside or harmful changes that occur inside our body. The primary symptom of a weak immune system is susceptibility to infection. A person with a weak immune system is likely to get infections more frequently than most other people, and these illness might be more severe or harder to treat. Thisconditioniscalled:PRIMARY IMMUNO DEFICIENCY Many people with primary immunodeficiency are born missing some of the body's immune defenses or with the immune system not working properly, which leaves them more susceptible to germs that can cause infections. Treatments can boost the immune system in many types of such disorders.Causes:Many primary immunodeficiency disorders are inherited - passed down from one or both parents. Excluding this there are more than 300 types of primary immunodeficiency disorders. They can be broadly classified into six groups:🔸 B cell (antibody) deficiencies🔸 T cell deficiencies🔸 Combination B and T cell deficiencies🔸 Defective phagocyte🔸 Complement deficiencies🔸 Unknown (idiopathic)Symptoms: They can include:🔸 Frequent and recurrent pneumonia, bronchitis, sinus infections, ear infections, meningitis or skin infections.🔸 Inflammation and infection of internal organs.🔸 Blood disorders, such as low platelet counts or anemia.🔸 Digestive problems, such as cramping, loss of appetite, nausea and diarrhea.🔸 Delayed growth and development.🔸 Autoimmune disorders, such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis or type 1 diabetes.Prevention:When you have a weakened immune system, you can take steps to prevent infections: ⚜️ Practice good hygiene : wash your hands with mild soap after using the toilet and before eating.⚜️ Take care of your teeth : brush your teeth at least twice a day.⚜️Eat right : A healthy, balanced diet can help prevent infections. Moreover add immune boosting food in your daily life like Citrus fruits, Red bell peppers, Broccoli, Garlic, Ginger, Spinach, Yogurt, Almonds, Sunflower seeds, Turmeric, Green tea, Poultry etc. ⚜️ Be physically active : staying fit is important to your overall health.⚜️ Get enough sleep : try to go to sleep and get up at the same time daily, and get the same number of hours of sleep every night.⚜️ Manage stress : some studies suggest that stress can hamper your immune system. Keep stress in check with massage, meditation, yoga, biofeedback or hobbies.⚜️ Avoid exposure : stay away from people with cold or other infections and crowds.⚜️ Ask your doctor about vaccinations.COVID-19 & IMMUNITY Following the above mentioned prevention can reduce risk of spreading of this disease too. In the younger generation with no underlying illness, COVID-19 can result in a minor infection, provided you have a robust immunity and do not participate in activities like smoking or vaping. Some have been recovered from corona by increasing their immune power. IMMUNITY IS ESSENTIAL, FEED IT WELLAND LIVE HEALTHY. ആൻകൃപ തോമസ് +1 കൊമേഴ്സ് സി.സി.പി.എൽ.എം.എ.ഐ.എച്ച്.എസ് പെരുമാനൂർ എറണാകുളം ഉപജില്ല എറണാകുളം അക്ഷരവൃക്ഷം പദ്ധതി, 2020 ലേഖനം  സാങ്കേതിക പരിശോധന - Kannankollam തീയ്യതി: 04/ 05/ 2020 >> രചനാവിഭാഗം - ലേഖനം